obesity in university students uk
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. 2011;19:197204. Zhang, Ting College-based obesity prevention educational interventions are multi-component efforts that provide education about nutrition, physical activity, and healthy weight management; such interventions are often paired with campus environment improvements. Less healthful dietary patterns were positively associated with lifestyle risk factors such as smoking, low physical activity and take-away consumption. Contrary to what one might expect, UPV/EHU men students with excess BF were more likely to have an adequate lunch/dinner duration and to be abstemious and women students with excess BF were more likely to have an adequate sitting time, a high HEI-2010 and a high PA level. 2015;2015:639239 Available from: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/apm/2015/639239/. 2005;93:92331 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16022763. Matsumura, Yuichiro Larson NI, Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M. Weight control behaviors and dietary intake among adolescents and young adults: longitudinal findings from project EAT. Woodruff SJ, Hanning RM, Lambraki I, Storey KE, McCargar L. Healthy eating index-C is compromised among adolescents with body weight concerns, weight loss dieting, and meal skipping. Shinzawa, Maki Br J Nutr. Richmond R . His experiences are steadily being accumulated through over 9 years of working seamlessly in the nutritional discipline at local and regional institutions. 1 The number of school-aged children and adolescents living with obesity is predicted to rise from 150 million worldwide to over 250 million The present study explores contextual factors affecting overweight and obesity among university students in China and, in particular, focuses on how the SES-obesity relationship varies across different . Dietary patterns and survival of older Europeans: the EPIC-elderly study (European prospective investigation into Cancer and nutrition). Central London location. Li, Hongjuan The mean age of the sample was 21.5years (SD 2.63years). statement and 2008;5:4048. Student Organizations; MCLub Calendar; A&S; Give to MCLLC. 001). In 2019-20, 10% of children were obese at the start of primary . Indeed, the BMI distributions were also biased towards healthy, in keeping with other student surveys [4, 26]. A 2017 Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior report found that during four years of college, the percentage of students overweight or obese rose from 23% to 41% a 78% increase. 2012;58:14150 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22001025. Brunner TA, van der Horst K, Siegrist M. Convenience food products. A dietary patterns approach has been used widely in various UK population groups, but has not been employed to characterise the diets of university students. International Research Opportunities Programme. The cut-offs for implausible energy intakes in the Nurses Health Study (<500 Kcal/day and>3500 Kcal/day) and Healthcare Professionals Follow-up Study (<800 Kcal/day or>4200 Kcal/day) were used to identify and exclude participants reporting implausible energy intakes the current study. Part of The findings of the study should be considered within the context of its limitations. If both of your parents have obesity, your likelihood of developing obesity is as high as 80%. University student food attitudes and behaviour survey. Physical activity plays an important role in the prevention of becoming overweight and obese in childhood and adolescence, and reducing the risk of obesity in adulthood. Nutrition Journal Raich-Escursell RM, Segues CV, Torras-Claras J, Huon G (2004) Bulimia symptoms and risk factors in university students. Adv Prev Med. Google Scholar. University College London London, UK Tel: 02076795634 E-mail: . Appetite. Lower scores were independently associated with living alone (p=0.026) and spending less money on food (p<0.001). Results Two-hundred sixty-eight articles were included comprising . The prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents is defined according to the WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents (overweight = 1 standard deviation body mass index for age and sex, and obese = 2 standard deviations body mass index for age and sex). Cite this article. Public Health Nutr. Information on dieting/weight loss behaviour, supplement use, cooking ability (four response options from able to cook wide range of meals from raw ingredients through to unable to cook at all), smoking status (students were asked to self-identify as a never smoker, ex-smoker, social smoker or regular smoker), self-reported physical activity levels (students were required to self-identify as not very active, moderately active or very active), body weight (kg) and height (m) (for calculation of body mass index (BMI), kg/m2), cooking behaviours (consumption of: meals made from raw ingredients; pre-prepared foods; ready meals and take-aways; and meals from university cafeteria) and weekly food expenditure () was also collected. 2007;46:6783. Therefore, we sought to determine the relationship between increasing weight status and fitness within a sample of children and adolescents from New York City public schools. This study also revealed that older students favoured more healthful dietary patterns and there was evidence of a positive linear relationship between age and scores on the health-conscious pattern. EFS wrote the first draft of the manuscript, with help from MEB. 1, 2 Overweight children are more likely to be overweight or obese as adults, compared with their normal-weight peers. Nutr Rev. Public Health Nutr. 2008;62:4719. In contrast, other student-specific research has failed to detect an association between eating habits and age (or year of study), although most of these studies have not collected detailed dietary data [2, 4, 10, 26]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-018-0398-y, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-018-0398-y. Data collection was preceded by a pilot study, which was used to refine the web-survey. and The sex-specific differences in risk factors of excess adiposity have important implications for interventions for primary prevention of obesity within this environment. 15. Adele, Ed Sheeran 'too . According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) between 2009 and 2010 more than 35 percent of adults across the U.S. and Canada were considered obese, (McGuire, 2011, pp. Dietary behaviours and sociocultural demographics in Northern Ireland. Our aim was to study which types of sedentary behaviours are associated with obesity in adults after controlling for a wide range of potential confounders. Why College Students are Obese (And How it Affects Them) Food insecurity an issue impacting 25.4% of college students increases the odds of obesity by 3.16-5.13 times. Obesity during pregnancy has short term and long term adverse consequences for both mother and child. From these, we calculated body mass index (BMI). 2022. Obesity and overweight are associated with age and level of studies. Nikolaou CK, Hankey CR, Lean MEJ. Papadaki A, Hondros G, Scott J, Kapsokefalou M. Eating habits of university students living at, or away from home in Greece. Puhl RM, Moss-Racusin CA, Schwartz MB (2007) Internalization of . Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its associated factors among university students from 22 countries Authors Karl Peltzer 1 , Supa Pengpid 2 , T Alafia Samuels 3 , Neslihan Keser zcan 4 , Carolina Mantilla 5 , Onja H Rahamefy 6 , Mee Lian Wong 7 , Alexander Gasparishvili 8 Affiliations Targeted interventions towards these students are necessary. University of Glasgow researchers looked at health surveys of nearly 200,000 adults. 6th ed. You can't lose weight even when you increase your physical activity and stick to a low-calorie diet for many months. In this study, excess BF has associated with different variables of the healthy lifestyle score in men than women. Dietary patterns of men in the ALSPAC: associations with socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, nutrient intakes and comparison with womens dietary patterns. 2012;58:10918 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22407132. - UK-domiciled students by age It is also possible that dietary differences observed between universities may arise because of socioeconomic gradients across universities. It should be noted that we used previously well-proven or validated questionnaires. Google Scholar. Obesity causes problems with infertility, and in early gestation it causes spontaneous pregnancy loss and congenital anomalies. Br J Nutr. Childhood obesity in England 10.1% of reception age children (age 4-5) were obese in 2021/22, with a further 12.1% were overweight. The snacking pattern was strongly positively correlated with energy-adjusted non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) (r=0.524; P<0.01). The majority of respondents were from the University of Sheffield (n=567; 39.2%), Ulster University in Northern Ireland (n=443; 30.6%) and KCL (n=305; 21.1%). Appetite. This study aimed to identify dietary patterns within a UK university student population and to delineate the socio-demographic, lifestyle and other behavioural characteristics of students favouring these patterns. Yarnell JW, Fehily AM, Milbank J, Sweetnam P, Walker C. A short dietary questionnaire for use in an epidemiological survey: comparison with weight dietary records. The third component had high positive factor loadings for fatty fish and canned tuna, white- and shellfish, nuts, eggs, fresh fruit, other green vegetables and salad items, oat- and bran-based breakfast cereals, herbal and green tea, and low fat/low calorie yogurts. Students attending the University of Sheffield were least likely to adopt a health-conscious dietary pattern. Youngest age group (p=0.015) and attendance at University of Sheffield were independently associated with lower scores (p<0.001). Terms and Conditions, and Students tending to the convenience, red meat & alcohol pattern reported spending more money on food each week. M. E. Barker. This cross-sectional study involved a convenience sample of five regionally and socio-economically diverse universities throughout the UK (Universities of: Sheffield, Ulster, Kings College London (KCL), Southampton and St Andrews). J Am Diet Assoc. A cut-off of 30years was chosen in order to focus on the dietary behaviours of young adults. Finlayson G, Cecil J, Higgs S, Hill A, Hetherington M. Susceptibility to weight gain. One in four students reported that they consumed meals cooked from pre-prepared foods, which could be assumed to represent convenience foods, most days or everyday. Undergraduate Research Opportunities Programme. It should be noted that these models are developmental and clearly only cover some of the potential antecedents of following such patterns. The wider literature consistently reports a positive association between socioeconomic status and diet quality across UK population groups [21, 23, 28]. Abstract. Furthermore, use of an FFQ allowed dietary intake to be captured over a 3-month semester and facilitated recruitment of a large, geographically diverse sample, albeit a convenience one. Whilst it is likely that students who lack culinary skills may be forced to rely on convenience foods to ensure meal provision, other factors such as time pressures and (lack of) cooking enjoyment may be more salient in determining students decisions around consumption of these foods [33, 34] . This study also highlights a number of future research needs. The main strength of this work compared with other studies(Reference Bayyari, Henry and Jones89) is that we used the %BF instead of BMI as a diagnostic criterion for overweight/obesity, in order to avoid both false positives and negatives. Among reception-aged children, those aged four and five, the rates of obesity rose from 9.9% in 2019-20 to 14.4% in 2020-21. Table S2. Shale: UK Undergraduate Literary and Art Magazine; BASS; Outreach. A second GLM was then fitted, which included significant demographic variables and variables from Group 2. Students provided their self-reported weight in kilograms (kg), pounds (lbs) or stone (st) and their height in metres (m) or feet (ft). Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK, Corporate Information & Computing Service, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2GU, UK, Medical & Biological Sciences Building, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9TF, UK, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK, Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food & Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, UK, Food & Nutrition Group, Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK, You can also search for this author in The department, functioning under the Ministry of Science and Technology, had offered the Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research (INSPIRE) scholarship to the student in January 2017. Obesity is now a bigger cause of deaths in Scotland and England than smoking, according to a new study. Associations with sociodemographic variables were assessed through general linear modelling. The FFQ was piloted among 40 students at the University of Sheffield. Objectives This scoping review identifies factors associated with obesity traits including body mass index, weight, and body fat percentage in undergraduate students. Download: PPT PowerPoint slide PNG larger image TIFF original image Table 1. 2007;49:16976. For example, it is recognised that adoption of a vegetarian diet is related to concern about the environment and animal welfare, as well as for health reasons and weight management [35, 36]. The inactivity at different ages it is a major problem for most countries. Feature Flags: { Risk factors of overweight/obesity-related lifestyles Department of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114521001483, Reference Vadeboncoeur, Townsend and Charlie Foster, Reference Cutillas, Herrero and de San Eustaqui, Reference Balgoon, Al-Zahrani and Alkhattabi, Reference Coli Bari, Satali and Lukesi, Reference El Ansari, Stock and Mikolajczyk, Reference Hultgren, Turrisi and Cleveland, Reference El Ansari, Ssewanyana and Stock, Reference Lieberman, Marriott and Williams, Reference Bennasar-Veny, Yaez and Jordi Pericas, Reference Moreno-Gmez, Romaguera-Bosch and Tauler-Riera, Reference Telleria-Aramburu, Rocandio and Rebato, Reference Marfell-Jones, Olds and Stewart, Reference Bray, Bouchard, James, Bray, Bouchard and James, Reference Telleria-Aramburu, Alegria-Lertxundi and Arroyo-Izaga, Reference Romaguera, Gracia-Lavedan and Molinuevo, Reference Sotos-Prieto, Bhupathiraju and Falcon, Reference Carbajal, Snchez-Muniz, Garca-Arias and Garca- Fernndez, Reference Ortega, Lpez-Sobaler and Andrs, Reference Panagiotakos, Milias and Pitsavos, Reference Garca-Meseguer, Cervera and Vico, Reference Panagiotakos, Pitsavos and Stefanadis, Reference Healton, Vallone and McCausland, Reference Zaccagni, Barbieri and Gualdi-Russo, Reference Jaalouk, Matar Boumosleh and Helou, Reference Garca-Meseguer, Delicado-Soria and Serrano-Urrea, Reference Whatnall, Patterson and Brookman, Reference Vereecken, Covents and Sichert-Hellert, Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network, Lifestyle risk factors of students: a cluster analytical approach, Prevalence of overweight/obesity and its associated factors among university students from 22 countries, A meta-analysis of weight gain in first year university students: is freshman 15 a myth, Addressing nutritional issues in the college-aged client: strategies for the nurse practitioner, Prevalence of overweight and obesity, and dieting attitudes among Caucasian and African American college students in Eastern North Carolina: a cross-sectional survey, Prevalence of overweight/obesity and central obesity and its associated factors among a sample of university students in India, Prevalence of overweight and central obesity and their relationship with blood pressure among college students in Shandong, China, Estudio de hbitos alimentarios y estilos de vida de los universitarios espaoles (Study of Food Habits and Lifestyles of Spanish University Students). for this article. Only health sciences students were recruited at the University of Southampton, because of logistical issues in distribution of the survey. Clustering of lifestyle risk factors with dietary patterns was also evident, with less healthful dietary patterns associated with smoking, low physical activity and take-away consumption. The prevalence of obesity is relatively high (36.8%) among UB students. (Do the Spanish University students follow Mediterranean dietary patterns? The study is based on the early BMI history of over 37,000 males as well as information regarding their adult thrombi if any. Dietary preferences also varied between participating universities. Second, self-reports of the behaviours may be subject to social desirability bias; thus, the findings may be under or overestimated. HIgher Education Statistics Agency Ltd. J Am Diet Assoc. Give to MCLLC; Give to Active Latin; Give to Classics; Give to French; Give to German; Give to Russian Aggregation of lifestyle behaviours has previously been reported in both university student and adult populations [26,27,28]. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. This includes 44.3% of students studying for their first undergraduate degree. 2014;112:168598. 2022. Support and wellbeing. In Model 2, higher pattern scores were independently associated with male gender (p<0.001), regular/social smoking status (p<0.001), most frequent consumption pre-prepared foods (p=0.040), frequent consumption of ready-meals/take-aways (p<0.001), frequent breakfast skipping (p<0.001), regular consumption of animal products (p<0.001) and greater amounts of money spent on food (p<0.001). Obesity is now a bigger cause of deaths in Scotland and England than smoking, according to a new study. A web-survey, comprising a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (Tinuviel Software Ltd., Warrington, UK) was used to assess dietary intake. A University of Gothenburg study found that being overweight in childhood and early adulthood are distinct risk factors for blood clots later in life. These are displayed in Table3. Participation Rates in Higher Education: Academic Years 2006/20072013/2014. and The largest effects (magnitudes of ORs) were found for the variables breakfast skipping and PA level in men, and for adherence to the Mediterranean diet in women. Uni-versity students. Dodd LJ, Al-Nakeeb Y, Nevill A, Forshaw MJ. Weight and Discrimination: Legal Issues in Weight Discrimination. The federation's 2023 atlas also predicted that childhood obesity levels could more than double over the next 12 years to around 208 million boys and 175 million girls. Results from Years 14 (combined) of the Rolling Programme (2008/20092011/12). The World Health Organization (WHO) defines obesity as an "abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health," further clarifying that "the fundamental cause of obesity and overweight is an energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended" [ 1, 2 ]. 2007;10:5908. Gua Elika (Quantitative Study of the Consumption of Food in the Basque Country. Moreover, only health-sciences students were recruited at Southampton, which may represent a source of bias. Friendship quality, body dissatisfaction, dieting & disordered eating in adolescent girls. ; Seventy-three percent of college students admit to an unhealthy diet and rarely exercise, with a lack of motivation, time, and convenience being the common denominators. Kaimori, Junya Introduction. university students when they start their university education (Ozbahar Acar, 2015). Furthermore, high rates of body dissatisfaction and dieting behaviours have been noted, particularly amongst female students [12, 13]. Lennox A, Prynne C, Swan G, Roberts C, Steer T, Pell D, et al. The prevalence of overweight (20.4%) and obesity (14.9%) were relatively high among the study participants. These results could be related to adoption of healthy behaviours for weight loss (e.g. Nutr J 17, 90 (2018). Sakaguchi, Yusuke A p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Article Chen, Leqin It should also be noted that all dietary studies suffer from selection bias, in which more health- or diet-aware individuals choose to participate. In Model 1, low leisure-time physical activity (p<0.001), attendance at Ulster University (p=0.003), full time student status (p=0.001) and living with parents/other relatives (p<0.001) were independently associated with higher snacking pattern scores. Hum Nutr Appl Nutr. The health-conscious pattern had the most favourable micronutrient profile. Specifically, female students favoured a vegetarian diet, whilst male students scored highly on the convenience, red meat & alcohol pattern. Defining dietary consumption: is the sum greater than its parts? Societies, clubs and culture. However information from the Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) indicates an SES gradient between universities: a greater proportion of students at Ulster University are from manual occupational backgrounds than from KCL, Sheffield and Southampton (no data available for St Andrews) [30]. Ethical approval was obtained from each participating university. Research activity also includes future proofing dietary assessment methodologies, dietary modelling for more . Google Scholar. Eur J Clin Nutr. According to a survey in 2021, 44% of college students in the US described their weight as more than normal, i.e. London: British Government; 2015. Maternal obesity during pregnancy can turn to be fatal for both the mother as well as the baby, according to a new study. With respect to other lifestyles such as PA, probably cultural practices and childhood habits can be associated with a higher PA level in men than women(Reference Trost, Pate and Sallis86). Northstone K, Emmett PM. 2012;13:40511. We have shown that both the snacking and convenience, red meat and alcohol patterns were least nutrient-dense. Childhood obesity affects an estimated 50 million girls and 74 million boys worldwide. Finally, 45% of the current sample reported limited (or non-existent) cooking ability, being at best only able to cook a limited range of meals from raw ingredients. There were strong positive correlations (0.5r<0.6; p<0.01) between the vegetarian pattern and energy-adjusted intakes of fibre, copper and thiamin. Using this method, 24 participants were identified as over-reporters (8 males; 16 females) and three participants were identified as under-reporters (1 male; 2 females). Accommodation. It has identified a number of antecedents of both healthful and unhealthful dietary practices. Appetite. Key messages Of the different sedentary behaviour types, TV viewing is most consistently related with higher body mass index (BMI) and large waist circumference in both sexes. Greater meat and fast food consumption among male students has previously been reported, and vegetarianism is more prevalent amongst female students [3, 24]. Cookies policy. Qian, Yuxiu Methods PubMed Yang, Wah The health-conscious pattern had greatest nutrient density. contributed to the conception and design of the research, acquired and analysed the data, interpreted the results and finally drafted the manuscript. Obesity. Students reporting greater cooking ability tended towards the vegetarian and health-conscious patterns. Participants: 3,077 students from the University of Newcastle (UON), Australia (mean age 27.1 9.8 years, 69.4% . Tinuviel Software Ltd. DIETQ Validation. Bamia C, Trichopoulos D, Ferrari P, Overvad K, Bjerregaard L, Tjnneland A, et al. Privacy [cited 2018 Aug 29]. Neither the UPV/EHU nor the Basque Government played a role in the design, analysis or writing of this article. 2010. Otsuki, Naoko Attendance at Ulster University was independently associated with lower vegetarian pattern scores (p<0.001). These 55 foods/food groups are detailed in Additionalfile1: Table S1. J Am Diet Assoc. Dietary intakes - National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Replication of this research among a large representative sample of UK university students would be pertinent. Delhi High Court Orders Centre To Pay Rs 50,000 'Costs' to Delhi University Student for . Anthropometric and lifestyle characteristics, Alcohol consumption among university students in Ireland and the United Kingdom from 2002 to 2014: a systematic review, Systematic estimation of BMI. Bachelor's degree students recorded higher BMI than those at associate level. This data is gathered as part of the National Child Measurement Programme and published by NHS Digital. These patterns explained approximately one fifth of the variance in food intake. This association has not been documented among a university student population, but corroborates associations found in several adult studies [31, 32]. UK) is too high (NHS Choices 2014). Young adults were half as likely to have obesity as middle-aged adults. Obesity is associated with poorer youth fitness. Nagatomo, Izumi Yamamoto, Ryohei 1983;37:10312. Available from: http://www.kingsfund.org.uk/publications/clustering-unhealthy-behaviours-over-time. Grech, Amanda In Model 2, lower leisure-time physical activity participation (p=0.012), attendance at Ulster University (p=0.029), living with parents/other relatives or in university catered accommodation (p=0.033), and full-time student status (p<0.001) were independently associated with greater pattern score. either in the overweight or obese category. Yamauchi-Takihara, Keiko Students with poor cooking ability were less likely to adopt healthier (vegetarian; health-conscious) diets than their more skilled counterparts. 1990;64:31929 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2223737. and M. A.-I. El AW, Stock C, John J, Deeny P, Phillips C, Snelgrove S, et al. Ethical approval was obtained from 3 participating university. The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Dietary analyses revealed four major dietary patterns: vegetarian; snacking; health-conscious; and convenience, red meat & alcohol. Multi-comparison post-hoc tests with Sidak correction were carried out to aid interpretation of significant factors in the GLM. This work was supported by grants from the UPV/EHU (EHU12/24), the Vice Rector for Innovation, Social Outreach and Cultural Activities of the UPV/EHU, funding by the contract-programme formalised with the Basque Government (code of the Campus Bizia Lab project: 17ARRO, 18ARRO and 19ARRO), the Vice Rector for Students and Employability of the UPV/EHU and Basque Government (2016); and a pre-doctoral scholarship from the Basque Language Vice-chancellor of the UPV/EHU. Gao, Lilian Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. This research aimed to characterise dietary patterns of university students in the UK and their sociodemographic and lifestyle antecedents. Dietary studies of British university students are constrained by crude dietary assessment, small sample size and generally focus on a single university [3, 4]. 2005;25:84161. University represents a key transition into adulthood for many adolescents but there are associated concerns about health and behaviours. However, students who consumed poor diets and practised unfavourable lifestyle behaviours were also identified, which may have long-term health effects. This study aimed to identify dietary patterns that exist within a UK university student population, to assess the nutritional profile of these patterns, and to examine socio-demographic and lifestyle variables underpinning these patterns. The decision to participate or not may have been influenced by several factors, including social, educational and health conditions, which may again correlate with outcome risk factors. Lake AA, Adamson AJ, Craigie AM, Rugg-Gunn AJ, Mathers JC. After qualifying in 2000, have been very fortunate to work in a wide variety of specialities including acute hospital dietitian, HEN specialist, Diabetes, Obesity and Public Health.
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